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21 December 2024
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മലയാളം
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Agriculture > Cash Crops
> Cotton (Gossypium sp.)
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Cotton(Gossypium sp.)
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Climate
& Soil
Cotton is grown from sea level to moderate elevations not exceeding 1000m where
the climate is tropical with rainfall 500 to 750mm. Excessive rain at any stage
is harmful to the crop. It can be grown in a wide variety of soils. A deep homogenous
fertile soil is desirable.
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Winter crop
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August-September
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Summer crop
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February- March
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Cotton
varieties, spacing and duration
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Variety
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Spacing (cm)
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Duration (days)
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Season
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MCU 5 / MCU 5 VT
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75 x 45
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175
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Irrigated crop (Aug-Sep)
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TCHB 213 (hybrid)
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120 x 60
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190
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Irrigated crop (Aug-Sep)
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Savita (hybrid)
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90 x 60
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165
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Irrigated crop (Aug-Sep)
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LRA 5166
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60 x 30
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150
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Rainfed crop (Aug-Sep)
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Top
Seed rate
and sowing
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Variety
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Delinted seeds (kg)
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Fuzzy seeds(kg)
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Irrigated
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MCU 5 / MCU 5 VT
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5.0
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8.0
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TCHB 213 (hybrid)
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2.5
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-
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Savita (hybrid)
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3-4
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-
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Rainfed
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LRA 5166
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8-10
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10-12
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Plough the land three to four times and form ridges and furrows. Dibble the seeds
on the sides of the furrows. Use basalin at the rate of 2.5 l/ha before irrigating
the field to control the weeds.
[Note : Treat the seeds with carbendazim 50 WP (2g/kg) or Trichoderma viridae
talc preparation (4 g/kg) before sowing.]
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Intercultural
operations
Manuring
Apply FYM or compost @ 12.5 t/ha for rainfed crop and 25 t/ha for irrigated crop.
Apply N:P2O5:K2O each @ 35 kg/ha as basal dressing.
Topdress with 35 kg N per ha about 45 days after sowing.
After cultivation
Thin the crop when the plants are 15 to 20cm high retaining two seedlings per hill.
Retain only one seedling per hill in the case of hybrids. Timely weeding and hoeing
will ensure good crop growth.
Irrigation
In the case of irrigated crop, irrigate the plants once in two weeks. Copious irrigation
during flowering will ensure good pod setting and good fibre quality.
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Plant
protection
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Against sucking pests like jassids, aphids, and thrips, spray imidacloprid (100ml/ha)
on 20th day and 40th day.
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To control white fly, use neem oil (3.0l/ha) or phosalone (2.5-3l/ha)
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For bollworm, spray quinalphos or chlorpyrifos (2-3l/ha), starting from 55th
day of sowing at 15 days interval or more depending on the pest prevalence.
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For bacterial blight disease, use streptocycline (50g/ha+copperoxy chloride 1.5kg/ha).
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For grey mildew, carbendazim @ 250g/ha may be used.
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For Alternaria leaf spot use copper oxychloride @ 1.5kg/ha
Top
Harvesting
The bolls start bursting 100-120 days after sowing and will be ready for harvest
at this stage.
Top
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